Reciprocating Engine Aircraft

Reciprocating Engine Aircraft - • Federal Rulemaking Portal: Go to regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.

by the Veterans Affairs Department on 03/02/2023 • Fax: (202) 493-2251. Predominantly, reciprocating aircraft engines operate on a four-stroke cycle, where each piston travels from one end of its stroke to the other four times in two crankshaft revolutions to complete one cycle.

Reciprocating Engine Aircraft

The cycle is composed of four distinguishable events called intake, compression, expansion (or power), and exhaust, with ignition taking place late in the compression stroke and combustion of the fuel-air charge occurring early in the expansion stroke.

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These spark-ignition engines use specially formulated aviation gasolines. See Internal combustion engine Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator.

Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. • Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.

Reciprocating aircraft engines are used in about 86% of all powered aircraft flying in the United States. Most of the aircraft powered by these engines belong to the general aviation segment of the domestic aviation fleet.

The reciprocating aircraft engine is used to power single-engine and multiengine airplanes, helicopters, and airships. It is the main engine used in aircraft for air taxi, pilot training, business, personal, and sport flying as well as aerial application of seed, fertilizer, herbicides, and pesticides for farming.

Authority For This Rulemaking

Radial reciprocating engines are those that feature radial-motion cylinders. The cylinders move outwards from the crankcase. Radial reciprocating engines are typically used in small narrow-body passenger airplanes. You won't find them in many wide-body airplanes. Radial reciprocal engines can have anywhere from a half-dozen to 30 cylinders, all of which are mounted in a perimeter around the crankcase.

During use, the cylinders move outwards from the crankcase that they surround. by the Fish and Wildlife Service on 03/02/2023 The FAA has included all known costs in its cost estimate. According to the manufacturer, however, some of the costs of this AD may be covered under warranty, thereby reducing the cost impact on affected operators.

Section 553(b)(3)(B) of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.) authorizes agencies to dispense with notice and comment procedures for rules when the agency, for "good cause," finds that those procedures are "impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the public interest."

Under this section, an agency, upon finding good cause, may issue a final rule without providing notice and seeking comment prior to issuance. Further, section 553(d) of the APA authorizes agencies to make rules effective in less than thirty days, upon a finding of good cause.

Differences Between This Ad And The Service Information

This AD was prompted by a report of a quality escape involving improper installation of counterweight retaining rings in the counterweight groove during manufacture. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent departure of counterweight and retaining hardware from the crankshaft assembly.

The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in loss of engine oil pressure, catastrophic engine damage, engine seizure, and consequent loss of the aircraft. A fuel-burning internal combustion piston engine specially designed and built for minimum fuel consumption and light weight in proportion to developed shaft power.

The rotating output shaft of the engine may be connected to a propeller, ducted fan, or helicopter rotor. For more information about this AD, contact Nicholas Reid, Aviation Safety Engineer, Atlanta ACO Branch, FAA, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA 30337;

phone: (404) 474-5650; email: nicholas.j.reid@faa.gov. 2023-04-08 Continental Aerospace Technologies, Inc.: Amendment 39-22355; Docket No. FAA-2023-0172; Project Identifier AD-2023-00265-E. by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on 03/02/2023 • You may view this service information at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.

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It is also available at regulations.gov by searching for and locating Docket No. FAA-2023-0172. (5) You may view this service information that is incorporated by reference at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email:

fr.inspection@nara.gov, or go to: www.archives.gov/​federal-register/​cfr/​ibr-locations.html. The manufacturer has notified the FAA that 2,176 crankshaft assemblies are subject to the unsafe condition. The FAA estimates that of those 2,176 crankshaft assemblies, 1,632 are installed on U.S. aircraft.

registry. The FAA estimates that 544 engines will need to remove one cylinder, 544 engines will need to remove two cylinders, and 544 engines will need to remove three cylinders for compliance with this AD. by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration

on 03/02/2023 If you are using public inspection listings for legal research, you should verify the contents of the documents against a final, official edition of the Federal Register. Only official editions of the Federal Register provides legal notice to the public and judicial notice

Radial Reciprocating Engines

to the courts under 44 U.S.C. 1503 & 1507. Learn more here. This PDF is the current document as it appeared on Public Inspection on 02/17/2023 at 4:15 pm. It was viewed 1107 times while on Public Inspection.

Not all reciprocating airplane engines are the same. There are three primary types of reciprocating engines used to power airplanes, including radial, in-line and flat. Radial reciprocating engines live up to their namesake by performing radial movements with their cylinders.

In-line reciprocating engines, on the other hand, feature banks of cylinders. Flat reciprocating engines feature horizontally aligned cylinders. There are other types of airplane engines. For reciprocating engines, though, most consist of either radial, in-line or flat.

This site displays a prototype of a "Web 2.0" version of the daily Federal Register. It is not an official legal edition of the Federal Register, and does not replace the official print version or the official

C Applicability

electronic version on GPO's govinfo.gov. This count refers to the total comment/submissions received on this document as reported by Regulations.gov (last updated on 03/01/2023 at 9:00 pm). Agencies review all submissions and may choose to redact, or withhold, certain submissions (or portions thereof).

Submitted comments may not be available to be read until the agency has approved them. For affected engines with an installed crankshaft assembly identified in paragraphs (g)(1) or (2) of this AD, before further flight, do the actions identified in, and in accordance with paragraph III, Action Required, of Continental Mandatory Service Bulletin

MSB23-01, Revision A, dated February 16, 2023 (MSB23-01A). The requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) do not apply when an agency finds good cause pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553 to adopt a rule without prior notice and comment.

Because FAA has determined that it has good cause to adopt this rule without prior notice and comment, RFA analysis is not required. This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government

Endangered And Threatened Wildlife

. Most modem aircraft using engines with up to 336 kW (450 hp) output are powered by air-cooled, horizontally opposed, reciprocating engines. The trend in modern reciprocating engine development is towards lower engine weight and improved fuel economy rather than increased power.

After the effective date of this AD, do not install on any engine a crankshaft assembly having a crankshaft serial number identified in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2 of MSB23-01A, unless the actions required by paragraph (g) of this AD have first been accomplished

for that crankshaft assembly. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce.

This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. This paragraph provides credit for the actions specified in paragraph (g) of this AD, if those actions were performed before the effective date of this AD using Continental Mandatory Service Bulletin MSB23-01, dated February 13, 2023.

Justification For Immediate Adoption And Determination Of The Effective Date

There are flat reciprocating engines as well. Also known as horizontally opposed engines, flat reciprocating engines are characterized by the placement of their cylinders. They feature horizontally aligned cylinders. The cylinders are placed on opposite ends of the engine.

Each of the cylinders has a pair of pistons, which come together at the combustion chamber. Some of the benefits of flat reciprocating engines include a lower operating temperature, a shorter length and a lower center of mass when compared to other types of engines.

(1) The Manager, Atlanta ACO Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate.

If sending information directly to the manager of the certification office, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (m) of this AD.

E Unsafe Condition

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